Because Finnish culture has been rather isolated, it has developed distinct characteristics. The Kalevala, a national folk epic published in 1835, has fostered the Finns' pride in their heritage and a sense of national unity. Elias Lönnrot, a Finnish folklorist, conceived the idea of writing down the folk tales and songs that evolved throughout Finnish history and molding them into this epic poem (see Lönnrot).

A number of Finnish musicians, artists, and authors have achieved international acclaim. The symphonies of the composer Jean Sibelius are especially well-known. Frans Sillanpää won the Nobel prize for literature in 1939. Contemporary Finnish architecture and sculpture have won a worldwide reputation. The Finns are particularly noted for their accomplishments in industrial arts, especially ceramics and glassworking. The Finnish theater is represented by some 40 professional companies. Opera, symphonies, and music festivals are popular.

Sports also play an important role in Finnish society. Finns compete internationally in such events as cross-country skiing, ski jumping, long-distance running, and other track and field events. Also popular are waterskiing, riding, fishing, and shooting. The sauna, a bath in steam from water poured over hot stones, is a national tradition. It is common on farms and in city homes.

Finland has been a leader in the passage of social legislation. It was one of the first countries to enforce the eight-hour workday; paid holidays; employee pensions; disability, life, and survivor's insurance; and the protection of women and children in industry. In 1906 Finland granted equal suffrage to all its citizens. Cooperative economic activities, in which large numbers of people share both labor and rewards, are major elements of Finnish society.

Education is state-supported in Finland. Schooling is required from ages 7 to 15 and is free. Instruction for all students is standard. Virtually 100 percent of the people are literate. The University of Helsinki, founded in Turku in 1640 and transferred to Helsinki in 1828, is the foremost of the nation's institutions of higher education.

You can use your international cellular phone rental to get closer to the people of Finland.

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